Chapter 296-56 - Part H - Manlifts Electric - Safety Standards: Longshore, Stevedore and Related Waterfront Operations

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60135, filed 1/17/86; 85-10-004 (Order 85-09), § 296-56-60135, filed 4/19/85; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60135, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60139 Hoistway enclosures and landings.

Hoistways shall be fully enclosed, or enclosed on all landings to a height of six feet above the landing floor or six feet above highest working level or stair level adjacent to the hoistway. Perforated hoistway enclosures can be used where fire resistance is not required, provided:

(1) Steel wire grill or expanded metal grill shall be at least thirteen U.S. gauge steel wire.

(2) Openings in the enclosure shall reject a one inch steel ball.

(3) All hoistway landings shall be properly and adequately lighted.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60139, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60139, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60141 Scope and application.

WAC 296-56-60141 through 296-56-60171 apply to the installation, design, and use of all one man capacity, electric elevators subject to inspection under RCW 49.17.120.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60141, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60141, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60143 Hoistway gates.

(1) Hoistway gates may be constructed of wood slat, steel wire grill, expanded metal or solid material, providing all openings reject a two inch ball and resist a two hundred fifty pound horizontal thrust.

(a) Steel wire and expanded metal gates shall be of at least thirteen gauge steel.

(b) Wood slats must be not less than two inches wide and one-half inch thick, nominal size.

(c) Solid material shall be not less than one-eighth inch reinforced sheet steel or one-half inch plywood.

(2) Hoistway gates may be horizontal swinging, vertical or horizontal sliding or biparting gates.

(a) Hoistway gates shall extend the full width of the elevator car and from one inch above the landing floor to six feet or more above the floor.

(b) Horizontal swinging gates shall be prevented from swinging into hoistway.

(3) Gates shall be equipped with interlocks or mechanical locks and electric contacts designed so that hoistway gates cannot be opened when the car is away from the landing.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60143, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60143, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60145 Elevator car.

(1) Elevator cars shall be fully enclosed to car height or to a height of not less than six feet six inches whichever is greater. Elevator cars may be of perforated or solid material provided the material will withstand a horizontal thrust of seventy-five pounds without deflecting one-quarter inch and all openings will reject a one inch ball.

(a) Car frames shall be of substantial metal or wood construction with a safety factor of four for metal frames and six for wood frames.

(b) Wood frames shall be gusseted and bolted or otherwise secured with large washers and lock washers.

(c) The car platform shall not exceed thirty inches inside dimension on each side (6.25 square foot area).

(2) Every car shall have a substantial protective top. The front half may be hinged. The protective top may be made from number nine U.S. wire gauge screen, eleven gauge expanded metal, fourteen gauge sheet steel, or three-quarter inch or heavier plywood. If made of wire screen or metal, the openings shall reject a one-half inch diameter ball.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60145, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60145, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60147 Elevator doors.

Elevator car doors shall be provided on all elevators, except on fully enclosed hoistways equipped with hoistway gates and enclosed from the top of the hoistway opening to the ceiling on the landing side.

(1) Car doors may be of solid or perforated construction and shall be capable of resisting a seventy-five pound thrust without deflecting one-quarter inch.

(2) Car doors may be biparting or otherwise horizontally swung provided the door swings within the elevator car.

(3) A positive locking latch device which resists a two hundred fifty pound thrust shall be provided.

(4) Interlocks or mechanical locks and electric contacts must be provided on cars operating in open hoistways.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60147, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60147, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60149 Counterweight, enclosures, and fastenings.

All counterweights shall be fully enclosed for their full length of travel except in closed hoistways where counterweight guide rails have been provided.

(1) Counterweight enclosures shall provide an inspection opening in the bottom of the enclosure large enough to provide for the inspection of cable fastenings, counterweight and buffer. Counterweights of rectangular shape shall be secured by not less than two one-half inch mild steel bolts with locknuts. Round counterweights shall be fastened with a center bolt not less than three-quarter inch diameter and secured with a locknut.

(2) Bolt eyes shall be welded closed.

(3) Cable fastenings shall be not less than three U-shaped clamps with U's on the dead side of the rope or babbitted tapered elevator sockets.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60149, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60151 Guide rails.

A minimum of two car guide rails shall be provided. They shall:

(1) Extend at least six inches beyond the maximum travel of the car with buffers compressed.

(2) Be securely fastened to a vertical supporting member for the full length of elevator travel.

(3) Be not less than one and one-half inch by one and one-half inch vertical grain fir or equivalent, one-quarter inch by two inch by two inch angle iron or equivalent.

(4) Not vary more than three-sixteenths inch thickness on brake surfaces for wood guide rails.

(5) Be secured to resist more than one-half inch total deflection on car safety application and resist a two hundred fifty pound horizontal thrust.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60151, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60151, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60153 Hoisting ropes.

Hoisting ropes shall be of good grade elevator traction wire rope and shall:

(1) Be at least two ropes of not less than three-eighths inch diameter providing a safety factor of five.

(2) Be fastened by at least three U-type cable clamps with the U on the dead return end of the rope or by approved elevator sockets of the babbitted type.

(3) Be of such length that the car platform will not be more than six inches above the top landing when the counterweight buffer is fully compressed. The counterweight shall be six inches or more away from the counterbalance sheave when the car buffer is fully compressed.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60153, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60153, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60155 Space under hoistway.

There shall be no habitable space below the elevator hoistway and counterweight shaft unless the floor is designed to withstand an impact one hundred twenty-five percent greater than the impact generated by a free fall of either the car or counterweight from the full height of the hoistway.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60155, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60155, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60157 Car safeties.

All cars suspended or operated from overhead machinery shall be equipped with an approved car safety capable of stopping and holding the car with rated load.

(1) Car safeties shall operate mechanically and be independent of interruption of any electrical circuit.

(2) Car safeties and governor controlled safeties shall automatically operate and the control circuit shall be broken in the event of cable breakage.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60157, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60157, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60159 Brakes.

All elevators shall be equipped with brakes designed to engage mechanically and release electrically.

(1) Brakes shall be located on the final drive of all elevator machines.

(2) The brake actuating circuit shall be so designed that interruption of power by slack cable switch, control switch, and limit switches actuate the brake.

(3) The brakes shall actuate under short circuit, phase failure, or reverse phase conditions.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60159, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60159, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60161 Car controls and safety devices.

(1) Car controls may be automatic pushbutton, constant pressure pushbutton or momentary pushbutton types. Hand rope and car switch controls shall not be used.

(2) Manually operated emergency stop switches shall be installed in all cars not equipped with constant pressure pushbutton controls. The switch shall be clearly marked “emergency stop.”

(3) Terminal limiting devices shall operate independently of the car controls and automatically stop the car at the top and bottom terminal landings.

(4) All winding drum machine type elevators shall be equipped with top and bottom final limit switches.

(5) A slack rope device of manual reset design shall be required on all winding drum type machines. The device shall be designed to de-energize the circuit to the drive motor and brake.

(6) All installations shall be equipped with an overspeed governor. This governor shall be set not to exceed one hundred seventy-five feet per minute and shall be designed to de-energize the brake control and motor drive circuits simultaneously with the activation of the car safety mechanism. Car speeds for these types of installations shall not exceed a speed of one hundred twenty-five feet per minute.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60161, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60161, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60167 Hoisting machine mechanisms.

(1) Elevator machines shall be driven by approved type units.

(a) On direct drive or approved worm gear driven type, a mechanically actuated, electrically released brake shall be installed on the driving unit.

(b) On V belt driven types, a minimum of four belts, one-half inch minimum size, shall be used to transmit power from the motor to the drive shaft and a mechanically actuated, electrically released brake shall be installed on the final drive shaft.

(2) Wherever practical, elevator machines shall be installed on the top side of their supporting structure.

(3) All components of the driving mechanism and parts subject to stress involved in suspending the load or related equipment shall be designed to withstand eight times the total weight to be suspended, including load, counterweight, car and cables.

(4) Gears shall be made of steel or equivalent material. Cast iron gears are prohibited.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60167, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60167, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60169 Elevator car and counterweight buffers.

(1) Elevator cars shall be provided with adequate car buffers.

(2) All elevators using a counterweight shall be provided with adequate counterweight buffers.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60169, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60169, filed 12/11/84.]

WAC 296-56-60171 General requirements.

(1) Adequate lighting shall be provided at each landing and in the shaftway.

(2) A sign bearing the following information shall be conspicuously posted within the car:

(a) Maximum capacity one person;

(b) Total load limit in pounds;

(c) For authorized personnel use only.

(3) A fire extinguisher in proper working condition shall be available in the car.

Note: For additional requirements relating to portable fire extinguishers see WAC 296-800-300.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040 and 49.17.050. 86-03-064 (Order 86-02), § 296-56-60171, filed 1/17/86; 85-01-022 (Order 84-24), § 296-56-60171, filed 12/11/84.]

Labor & Industries (L&I), Washington State

Rules & Policies

Longshore, Stevedore and Waterfront Related Operations

Manlifts - Electric