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Abatement Action Plans
Refers to your written plans for correcting
a WISHA violation.
Abatement date
The date on the
citation when you must comply with specific safety and
health standards listed on the Citation and Notice of assessment
or the corrective notice
of redetermination.
Acceptable
As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means an installation or equipment is
acceptable to the Director of Labor and Industries, and
approved
-
If it is accepted, or certified, or
listed, or labeled, or otherwise
determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing laboratory
OR
-
With respect to an installation or
equipment of a kind which no nationally recognized testing
laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels, or determines
to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another federal
agency, or by a state, municipal, or other local authority
responsible for enforcing occupational safety provisions of
the National Electrical Code, and found in compliance with
the provisions of the National Electrical Code as applied
in this section
OR
- With respect to custom-made equipment or related
installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended
for use by a particular customer, if it is determined to be
safe for its intended use by its manufacturer on the basis of
test data which the employer keeps and makes available for inspection
to the director and his/her authorized representatives. Refer
to federal regulation 29 CFR
1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory.
Accepted
As used in Electrical, Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means an installation is accepted
if it has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized
testing laboratory to conform to specified plans or to procedures
of applicable codes.
Access
As used in Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records, WAC 296-800-180
means the right and opportunity to examine and copy exposure records.
Affected employees
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means employees exposed to hazards
identified as violations in a citation.
Analysis
using exposure or medical records
- An analysis using exposure records or medical
records can be any collection of data or a statistical study.
It can be based on either
- Partial or complete information from individual
employee exposure or medical records
OR
- Information collected from health insurance
claim records.
- The analysis is not final until it has been
- Reported to the employer
OR
- Completed by the person
responsible for the analysis.
ANSI
This is an acronym for the American National
Standards Institute.
Approved
The term approved means:
- Approved by the Director of the Department of
Labor and Industries or their authorized representative, or by
an organization that is specifically named in a rule, such as
Underwriters' Laboratories (UL), Mine Safety and Health Administration
(MSHA), or the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH).
- As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means acceptable
to the authority enforcing this section. The authority enforcing
this section is the Director of Labor and Industries. The definition
of acceptable indicates what is acceptable to the Director and
therefore approved.
Assistant Director
The assistant director for the WISHA services
division at the Department of Labor and Industries or his/her
designated representative.
ASTM
This is an acronym for American Society
for Testing and Materials.
Attachment
plug OR Plug
As used in the Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280, means the attachment at
the end of a flexible cord or cable that is part of a piece of
electrical equipment. When it is inserted into an outlet or receptacle,
it connects the conductors
supplying electrical power from the outlet to the flexible cable.
Bare Conductor
A conductor
that does not have any covering or insulation.
Bathroom
A room maintained within
or on the premises of any place of employment, containing toilets
that flush for use by employees.
Biological
Agent
Organisms or their by-products.
Board
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals.
Ceiling
An exposure limit that must not be exceeded
during any part of the employee's workday. The ceiling must be
determined over the shortest time period feasible and should not
exceed fifteen minutes.
Certification
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means refers to an employer's written statement describing when
and how a citation violation
was corrected.
CFR
This is an acronym for Code of Federal Regulations.
Chemical
Any element, chemical compound, or mixture
of elements and/or compounds.
Chemical Agents (airborne or contact)
A chemical agent is any of the following:
Chemical manufacturer
An employer with a workplace where one or
more chemicals are
produced for use or distribution.
Chemical name
The scientific designation of a
chemical in accordance with one of the following:
-
The nomenclature system developed
by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
-
The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)
rules of nomenclature
-
A name which will clearly identify
the chemical for the purpose of conducting a
hazard evaluation.
Circuit breaker
-
Is a device used to manually open or
close a circuit. This device will also open the circuit automatically
and without damage to the breaker when a predetermined overcurrent
is applied (600 volts nominal or less).
-
Is a switching device capable of making,
carrying, and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions,
and also making, carrying for a specified time, and breaking
currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions, such as
those of short circuit. (Over 600 volts nominal)
Citation
Refers to the Citation and Notice issued
to an employer for any violation of WISHA safety and health rules.
A Citation and Notice may be referred to as a Citation and Notice
of assessment but is more commonly referred to as a citation.
Combustible liquid
A combustible liquid has a
flashpoint of at least 100°F
(37.8°C) and below 200°F
(93.3°C). Mixtures with at
least 99% of their components having flashpoints of 200°F
(93.3°C) or higher are not
considered combustible liquids.
Commercial account
As used in Employers
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, means an arrangement
in which a retail distributor
sells hazardous chemical(s)
to an employer, generally in large quantities over time, and/or
at costs that are below the regular retail price.
Common name
As used in Employers
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, means any
designation or identification such as:
- Code name
- Code number
- Trade name
- Brand name
- Generic name used to identify a chemical other
than by its chemical name.
Compressed gas
A gas or mixture of gases that, when in
a container, has an absolute
pressure exceeding
OR
Compressed gas can also mean a liquid
with a vapor pressure that exceeds 40 psi at 100°F (37.8°C)
Conductor
A wire that transfers electric power.
Container
As used in
Employer Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170,
means any container, except for pipes or piping systems, that
contains a hazardous chemical.
It can be any of the following:
- Bag
- Barrel
- Bottle
- Box
- Can
- Cylinder
- Drum
- Reaction vessel
- Storage tank.
Correction date
The date by which a violation must be corrected.
Final orders or extensions
that give additional time to make corrections establish correction
dates. A correction date established by an order of the board
of industrial insurance appeals remains in effect during any court
appeal unless the court suspends the date.
Corrective notice
Refers to a notice changing a
citation and is issued by the
department after a citation has been appealed.
Corrosive
A substance that, upon contact, causes destruction
of living tissue by chemical action, including acids with a pH
of 2.5 or below or caustics with a pH of 11.0 or above.
Covered Conductor
A conductor
that is covered by something else besides electrical insulation.
Damp location
As used in Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280, means partially protected
areas that are exposed to moderate moisture. Outdoor examples
include roofed open porches and marquees. Interior examples include
basements and barns.
Department
Those portions of the Department of Labor
and Industries responsible for enforcing the Washington Industrial
Safety Act (WISHA).
Designated
representative
- Any individual or organization to which an employee
gives written authorization.
- A recognized or certified collective bargaining
agent without regard to written employee authorization.
- The legal representative of a deceased or legally
incapacitated employee.
Director
The Director means the Director of the Department
of Labor and Industries or their designee.
Distributor
A business, other than a
chemical manufacturer or importer, that supplies
hazardous chemicals to other distributors or to employers.
Documentation
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means material that you submit to prove that a correction is completed.
Documentation includes, but is not limited to, photographs, receipts
for materials and/or labor.
Dry location
As used in Basic
Electrical Requirements, WAC 296-800-280 means areas not normally
subjected to damp or wet conditions. Dry locations may become
temporarily damp or wet, such as when constructing a building.
Dust
Solid particles suspended in air that
are created by actions such as:
- Handling.
- Drilling.
- Crushing.
- Grinding.
- Rapid impact.
- Detonation.
- Decrepitation of organic or inorganic materials such as rock,
ore, metal, coal, wood and grain.
Electrical outlets
Places on an electric circuit where power is supplied to equipment through receptacles, sockets, and outlets for attachment plugs.
Emergency
washing facilities
Emergency washing facilities are emergency
showers, eyewashes, eye/face washes, hand-held drench hoses, or
other similar units.
Employee
Based on chapter 49.17
RCW, the term employee and other terms of like meaning, unless
the context of the provision containing such term indicates otherwise,
means an employee of an employer who is employed in the business
of his or her employer whether by way of manual labor or otherwise
and every person in this state
who is engaged in the employment of or who is working under an
independent contract the essence of which is personal labor for
an employer under this standard whether by way of manual labor
or otherwise.
Employee
exposure record
As used in
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records, WAC 296-800-180
means a record containing any of the following kinds of information:
- Environmental (workplace) monitoring or measuring
of a toxic substance
or harmful physical
agent, including personal, area, grab, wipe, or
other form of sampling, as well as related collection and
analytical methodologies, calculations, and other background
data relevant to interpretation of the results obtained
- Biological monitoring results which directly
assess the absorption of a toxic substance or harmful physical
agent by body systems (e.g., the level of a
chemical in the blood, urine, breath, hair, fingernails,
etc.) but not including results which assess the biological
effect of a substance or agent or which assess an employee's
use of alcohol or drugs
- Material Safety Data Sheets indicating that
the material may pose a hazard
to human health
OR
-
In the absence of the above, a chemical
inventory or any other record which reveals where and when
used and the identity (e.g., chemical, common or trade name)
of a toxic substance or harmful physical agent.
Employer
Based on chapter 49.17
RCW, an employer is any person,
firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal representative,
or other business entity which engages in any business, industry,
profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more
employees or who contracts with one or more persons, the essence
of which is the personal labor of such person or persons and includes
the state, counties, cities, and all municipal corporations, public
corporations, political subdivisions of the state, and charitable
organizations: Provided, That any persons, partnership, or business
entity not having employees, and who is covered by the Industrial
Insurance Act must be considered both an employer and an employee.
Exit
Provides a way of travel out of the workplace.
Exit route
A continuous and unobstructed path of exit
travel from any point within a workplace to safety outside.
Explosive
A chemical
that causes a sudden, almost instant release of pressure, gas,
and heat when exposed to a sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature.
Exposed live parts
Electrical parts that are:
Exposed wiring
methods
Involve working with electrical wires that
are attached to surfaces or behind panels designed to allow access
to the wires.
Exposure or
exposed
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, and Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records, WAC 296-800-180.
An employee has been, or may have possibly been, subjected to
a hazardous chemical, toxic substance or harmful physical agent
while working. An employee could have been exposed to
hazardous chemicals,
toxic substances, or
harmful physical agents in any of the following ways:
- Inhalation
- Ingestion
- Skin contact
- Absorption
- Related means.
The terms exposure and exposed
only cover workplace exposure involving a toxic substance or harmful
physical agent in the workplace different from typical nonoccupational
situations in the way it is
- Used
- Handled
- Stored
- Generated
- Present.
Exposure
record
See definition for employee
exposure record.
Extension ladder
A portable ladder
with 2 or more sections and is not self-supporting. The 2 or more
sections travel in guides or brackets that let you change the
length. The size of a portable ladder is determined by adding
together the length of each section.
Failure-to-abate
Any violation(s) resulting from not complying
with an abatement date.
Final order
Any of the following (unless an employer
or other party files a timely appeal):
- Citation and Notice
- Corrective
Notice
- Decision and Order from the Board of Industrial
Insurance Appeals
- Denial of Petition for review from the Board
of Industrial Insurance Appeals
OR
- Decision from a Washington State Superior
Court, Court of Appeals, or the State Supreme Court.
Final order date
The date a
final order is issued.
First aid
The extent of treatment you would expect
from a person trained in basic
first aid, using supplies from a first-aid kit.
Tests, such as X-rays, must not be confused
with treatment.
Flammable
A chemical
covered by one of the following categories:
-
Aerosol flammable means an aerosol
that, when tested by the method described in 16
CFR 1500.45 yields either a flame projection more
than 18 inches at full valve opening or a flashback (a flame
extending back to the valve) at any degree of valve opening.
-
Gas, flammable means:
- - A gas that, at temperature and pressure
of the surrounding area, forms a flammable mixture with air
at a concentration of 13% by volume or less.
OR
- - A gas that, at temperature and pressure
of the surrounding area, forms a range of flammable mixtures
with air wider than 12% by volume, regardless of the lower
limit.
-
Liquid, flammable means any liquid
having a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), except any mixture having components
with flashpoints of 100°F (37.8°C) or higher, the total of
which make up 99% or more of the total volume of the mixture.
-
Solid, flammable means a solid, other
than a blasting agent or explosive
as defined in 29 CFR 1910.109(a), that is likely to cause
fire through friction, moisture absorption, spontaneous chemical
change, or retained heat from manufacturing or processing,
or which can be ignited readily. Solid, inflammable also means
that when the substance is ignited, it burns so powerfully
and persistently that it creates a serious hazard.
A chemical must be considered to be a flammable solid if,
when tested by the method described in 16 CFR 1500.44, it
ignites and burns with a self-sustained flame at a rate greater
than one-tenth of an inch per second along its major axis.
Flashpoint
- Tagliabue closed tester: (See American National
Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Tag Closed Tester,
Z11.24-1979 (ASTM D 56-79)) for liquids with a viscosity of
less than 45 Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) at 100°F (37.8°C),
that do not contain suspended solids and do not have a tendency
to form a surface film under test.
OR
- Pensky-Martens closed tester: (See American
National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Pensky-Martens
Closed Tester, Z11.7-1979 (ASTM D 93-79)) for liquids with a
viscosity equal to or greater than 45 SUS at 100°F (37.8°C),
or that contain suspended solids, or that have a tendency to
form a surface film under test; or
- Setaflash closed tester. (See American National
Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Setaflash Closed Tester
(ASTM D 3278-78)).
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Note:
Organic
peroxides, which undergo auto accelerating thermal
decomposition, are excluded from any of the flashpoint
measurement methods specified above. |
Flexible
cords and cables
Typically used to connect electrical equipment
to an outlet or receptacle.
These cords can have an
attachment plug to connect to a power source or can
be permanently wired into the power source. Flexible cords, extension
cords, cables and electrical cords are all examples of flexible
cord.
Floor hole
An opening in any floor, platform,
pavement, or yard that measures at least one inch but less than
12 inches at its smallest dimension and through which materials
and tools (but not people) can fall.
Examples of floor holes are:
-
Belt holes
-
Pipe openings
-
Slot openings.
Floor opening
An opening in any floor, platform,
pavement, or yard that measures at least 12 inches in its smallest
dimension and through which a person
can fall.
Examples of floor openings are:
- Hatchways
- Stair or ladder
openings
- Pits
- Large manholes
The following are NOT considered
floor openings:
- Openings occupied by elevators
- Dumbwaiters
- Conveyors
- Machinery
- Containers.
Foreseeable
emergency
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170 means any
potential event that could result in an uncontrolled release of
a hazardous chemical
into the workplace. Examples of foreseeable emergencies include
equipment failure, rupture of containers,
or failure of control equipment.
Fume
Solid particles suspended in air that
are created by condensation from the gaseous state.
Gas
A normally formless
fluid, such as air, which can be changed to the liquid or solid
state by the effect of increased pressure or decreased temperature
or both.
Ground
As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280, a connection between an electrical circuit
or equipment and the earth or other conducting body besides the
earth. This connection can be intentional or accidental.
Grounded
A connection has been made between an electrical
circuit or equipment and the earth or another conducting body
besides the earth.
Grounded conductor
A system or circuit
conductor that is intentionally grounded.
Ground-fault
circuit-interrupter
A device whose function is to interrupt
the electric circuit to the load when a fault current to
ground exceeds some predetermined value that is less
than that required to operate the overcurrent protective device
of the supply circuit.
Grounding conductor
Is used to connect equipment or the
grounded circuit of a wiring system to a grounding electrode
or electrodes.
Grounding
conductor, equipment
A conductor
used to connect noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment,
raceways, and other enclosures to the system
grounded conductor and/or the grounding electrode conductor
at the service equipment or at the source of a separately derived
system.
Guarded
Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or
otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers,
rails, screens, mats, or platforms
to remove the likelihood of being accidentally touched or approached
closer than a safe distance.
Hand-held drench hoses
Hand-held drench hoses are single-headed
emergency washing devices connected to a flexible hose that can
be used to irrigate and flush the face or other body parts.
Handrail
A single bar or pipe supported on brackets
from a wall or partition to provide a continuous handhold for
persons using a stair.
Harmful physical
agent
Any physical stress such as noise, vibration,
repetitive motion, heat, cold, ionizing and nonionizing radiation,
and hypo- or hyperbaric pressure which:
- Is listed in the latest edition of the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Registry
of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
OR
OR
- Is the subject of a material safety data
sheet kept by or known to the employer showing that the material
may pose a hazard to human health.
Hazard
Any condition, potential or inherent, which
can cause injury, death, or occupational disease.
Hazard warning
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170 means can
be a combination of words, pictures, symbols, or combination appearing
on a label or other appropriate form of warning which shows the
specific physical and
health hazard(s), including
target organ effects, of the chemical(s)
in the container(s).
Hazardous chemical
Any chemical
that is a physical
or health hazard.
Health hazard
A chemical,
mixture, biological agent, or physical agent that may cause health
effects in short- or long-term exposed employees. Based on statistically
significant evidence from at least one study conducted using established
scientific principles. Health hazards include:
- Carcinogens
- Toxic or highly toxic agents
- Reproductive toxins
- Irritants
- Corrosives
- Sensitizers
- Hepatotoxins (liver toxins)
- Nephrotoxins (kidney toxins)
- Neurotoxins (nervous system toxins)
- Substances that act on the hematopoietic
system (blood or blood-forming system)
- Substances that can damage the lungs, skin,
eyes, or mucous membranes
- Hot or cold conditions
Hospitalization
To be sent to, to go to, or be admitted
to, a hospital or an equivalent medical facility and receive
medical treatment beyond first-aid treatment, regardless
of the length of stay in the hospital or medical facility.
Identity
As used in
Employer Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170 any
chemical or
common name listed on the Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for the specific chemical.
Each identity used must allow cross-references among the:
- Required list of hazardous chemicals
- Chemical label
- MSDSs.
Imminent
danger violation
Any violation(s) resulting from conditions
or practices in any place of employment, which are such that a
danger exists which could reasonably be expected to cause death
or serious physical harm, immediately or before such danger can
be eliminated through the enforcement procedures otherwise provided
by the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act.
Importer
The first business within the Customs
Territory of the USA that:
AND
Insulated
A conductor
has been completely covered by a material that is recognized as
electrical insulation and is thick enough based on
AND
- The type of covering material.
Interim waiver
An order granted by the
department allowing an employer to vary from WISHA requirements
until the Department decides to grant a permanent or temporary
waiver.
Irritant
A substance that will induce a local inflammatory
reaction upon immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with normal
living tissue.
Ladder
Consists of 2 side rails joined at regular
intervals by crosspieces called steps, rungs,
or cleats. These steps are used to climb up or down.
Listed
Equipment is listed if it:
AND
Material safety data
sheet (MSDS)
Written, printed, or electronic information
(on paper, microfiche, or on-screen) that informs manufacturers,
distributors, employers or employees about a hazardous chemical,
its hazards, and protective measures as required by material safety
data sheet and label preparation, Chapter 296-839 WAC.
Medical
treatment
Treatment provided by a physician or by
registered professional personnel under the standing orders of
a physician. Medical treatment does not include first-aid treatment
even if provided by a physician or registered professional personnel.
Mist
Liquid droplets suspended in air. Mist
is created by:
- Condensation from the gaseous to the liquid state;
OR
- Converting a liquid into a dispersed state with actions such
as splashing, foaming, spraying or atmoizing.
Mixture
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, any combination
of 2 or more chemicals (if
that combination did not result from a chemical reaction).
Movable equipment
As used in WAC
296-800-35052, a hand-held or nonhand-held machine or device
- That is powered or nonpowered
AND
- Can be moved within or between worksites.
Must
Must means mandatory.
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