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Abatement
Action Plans
Refers to your written plans for
correcting a WISHA violation.
Abatement
date
The date on the
citation when you must comply with specific
safety and health standards listed on the Citation and
Notice of assessment or the
corrective notice of redetermination.
Acceptable
As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means an installation or equipment
is acceptable to the Director of Labor and Industries,
and approved
-
If it is accepted, or certified,
or listed, or labeled,
or otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally
recognized testing laboratory
OR
-
With respect to an installation
or equipment of a kind which no nationally recognized
testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels,
or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested
by another federal agency, or by a state, municipal,
or other local authority responsible for enforcing
occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical
Code, and found in compliance with the provisions
of the National Electrical Code as applied in this
section
OR
- With respect to custom-made equipment
or related installations which are designed, fabricated
for, and intended for use by a particular customer,
if it is determined to be safe for its intended use
by its manufacturer on the basis of test data which
the employer keeps and makes available for inspection
to the director and his/her authorized representatives.
Refer to federal regulation 29
CFR 1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized
testing laboratory.
Accepted
As used in Electrical, Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means an installation is
accepted if it has been inspected and found by a nationally
recognized testing laboratory to conform to specified
plans or to procedures of applicable codes.
Access
As used in Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records, WAC 296-800-180
means the right and opportunity to examine and copy exposure
records.
Affected
employees
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means employees exposed to hazards
identified as violations in a citation.
Analysis
using exposure or medical records
- An analysis using exposure records or
medical records can be any collection of data or a statistical
study. It can be based on either
- Partial or complete information from
individual employee exposure or medical records
OR
- Information collected from health insurance
claim records.
- The analysis is not final until it has
been
- Reported to the employer
OR
- Completed by the
person responsible for the analysis.
ANSI
This is an acronym for the American
National Standards Institute.
Approved
The term approved means:
- Approved by the Director of the Department
of Labor and Industries or their authorized representative,
or by an organization that is specifically named in a
rule, such as Underwriters' Laboratories (UL), Mine Safety
and Health Administration (MSHA), or the National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280 means
acceptable to the authority enforcing this section.
The authority enforcing this section is the Director of
Labor and Industries. The definition of acceptable indicates
what is acceptable to the Director and therefore approved.
Assistant
Director
The assistant director for the
WISHA services division at the Department of Labor and
Industries or his/her designated representative.
ASTM
This is an acronym for American
Society for Testing and Materials.
Attachment
plug OR Plug
As used in the Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280, means the attachment
at the end of a flexible cord or cable that is part of
a piece of electrical equipment. When it is inserted into
an outlet or receptacle,
it connects the conductors
supplying electrical power from the outlet to the flexible
cable.
Bare Conductor
A conductor
that does not have any covering or insulation.
Bathroom
A room maintained
within or on the premises of any place of employment,
containing toilets that flush for use by employees.
Biological
Agent
Organisms or their
by-products.
Board
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals.
Ceiling
An exposure limit that must not
be exceeded during any part of the employee's workday.
The ceiling must be determined over the shortest time
period feasible and should not exceed fifteen minutes.
Certification
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means refers to an employer's written statement describing
when and how a citation
violation was corrected.
CFR
This is an acronym for Code of
Federal Regulations.
Chemical
Any element, chemical compound,
or mixture of elements and/or compounds.
Chemical
Agents (airborne or contact)
A chemical agent is any of the
following:
Chemical
manufacturer
An employer with a workplace where
one or more chemicals
are produced for use
or distribution.
Chemical
name
The scientific designation of
a chemical in accordance
with one of the following:
-
The nomenclature system developed
by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
(IUPAC)
-
The Chemical Abstracts Service
(CAS) rules of nomenclature
-
A name which will clearly
identify the chemical for the purpose of conducting
a hazard evaluation.
Circuit
breaker
-
Is a device used to manually
open or close a circuit. This device will also open
the circuit automatically and without damage to the
breaker when a predetermined overcurrent is applied
(600 volts nominal or less).
-
Is a switching device capable
of making, carrying, and breaking currents under normal
circuit conditions, and also making, carrying for a
specified time, and breaking currents under specified
abnormal circuit conditions, such as those of short
circuit. (Over 600 volts nominal)
Citation
Refers to the Citation and Notice
issued to an employer for any violation of WISHA safety
and health rules. A Citation and Notice may be referred
to as a Citation and Notice of assessment but is more
commonly referred to as a citation.
Combustible
liquid
A combustible liquid has a
flashpoint of at least 100°F
(37.8°C) and below
200°F (93.3°C).
Mixtures with at least 99% of their components having
flashpoints of 200°F
(93.3°C) or higher
are not considered combustible liquids.
Commercial
account
As used in Employers
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, means
an arrangement in which a retail
distributor sells
hazardous chemical(s) to an employer, generally
in large quantities over time, and/or at costs that are
below the regular retail price.
Common
name
As used in Employers
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, means
any designation or identification such as:
- Code name
- Code number
- Trade name
- Brand name
- Generic name used to identify a chemical
other than by its chemical
name.
Compressed
gas
A gas or mixture of gases that,
when in a container,
has an absolute pressure exceeding
OR
Compressed gas can also mean a
liquid with a vapor pressure that exceeds 40 psi at 100°F
(37.8°C)
Conductor
A wire that transfers electric
power.
Container
As used in
Employer Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170,
means any container, except for pipes or piping systems,
that contains a hazardous
chemical. It can be any of the following:
- Bag
- Barrel
- Bottle
- Box
- Can
- Cylinder
- Drum
- Reaction vessel
- Storage tank.
Correction
date
The date by which a violation
must be corrected. Final
orders or extensions that give additional time
to make corrections establish correction dates. A correction
date established by an order of the board of industrial
insurance appeals remains in effect during any court appeal
unless the court suspends the date.
Corrective
notice
Refers to a notice changing a
citation and is issued
by the department
after a citation has been appealed.
Corrosive
A substance that, upon contact,
causes destruction of living tissue by chemical action,
including acids with a pH of 2.5 or below or caustics
with a pH of 11.0 or above.
Covered
Conductor
A conductor
that is covered by something else besides electrical insulation.
Damp location
As used in Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280, means partially
protected areas that are exposed to moderate moisture.
Outdoor examples include roofed open porches and marquees.
Interior examples include basements and barns.
Department
Those portions of the Department
of Labor and Industries responsible for enforcing the
Washington Industrial Safety Act (WISHA).
Designated
representative
- Any individual or organization to which
an employee gives written authorization.
- A recognized or certified collective
bargaining agent without regard to written employee authorization.
- The legal representative of a deceased
or legally incapacitated employee.
Director
The Director means the Director
of the Department of Labor and Industries or their designee.
Distributor
A business, other than a
chemical manufacturer or importer, that supplies
hazardous chemicals
to other distributors or to employers.
Documentation
As used in WISHA
Appeals, Penalties and Other Procedural Rules, WAC 296-800-350
means material that you submit to prove that a correction
is completed. Documentation includes, but is not limited
to, photographs, receipts for materials and/or labor.
Dry
location
As used in Basic
Electrical Requirements, WAC 296-800-280 means areas
not normally subjected to damp or wet conditions. Dry
locations may become temporarily damp or wet, such as
when constructing a building.
Dust
Solid particles suspended in air
that are created by actions such as:
- Handling.
- Drilling.
- Crushing.
- Grinding.
- Rapid impact.
- Detonation.
- Decrepitation of organic or inorganic
materials such as rock, ore, metal, coal, wood and grain.
Electrical
outlets
Places on an electric circuit
where power is supplied to equipment through receptacles,
sockets, and outlets for
attachment plugs.
Emergency washing facilities
Emergency washing facilities are
emergency showers, eyewashes, eye/face washes, hand-held
drench hoses, or other similar units.
Employee
Based on chapter 49.17
RCW, the term employee and other terms of like meaning,
unless the context of the provision containing such term
indicates otherwise, means an employee of an employer
who is employed in the business of his or her employer
whether by way of manual labor or otherwise and every
person in this state
who is engaged in the employment of or who is working
under an independent contract the essence of which is
personal labor for an employer under this standard whether
by way of manual labor or otherwise.
Employee
exposure record
As used in
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records,
WAC 296-800-180 means a record containing any of the
following kinds of information:
- Environmental (workplace) monitoring
or measuring of a toxic
substance or
harmful physical agent, including personal,
area, grab, wipe, or other form of sampling, as well
as related collection and analytical methodologies,
calculations, and other background data relevant to
interpretation of the results obtained
- Biological monitoring results which
directly assess the absorption of a toxic substance
or harmful physical agent by body systems (e.g., the
level of a chemical
in the blood, urine, breath, hair, fingernails, etc.)
but not including results which assess the biological
effect of a substance or agent or which assess an employee's
use of alcohol or drugs
- Material Safety Data Sheets indicating
that the material may pose a
hazard to human health
OR
-
In the absence of the above,
a chemical inventory or any other record which reveals
where and when used and the identity (e.g., chemical,
common or trade name) of a toxic substance or harmful
physical agent.
Employer
Based on chapter 49.17
RCW, an employer is any person,
firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal
representative, or other business entity which engages
in any business, industry, profession, or activity in
this state and employs one or more employees or who contracts
with one or more persons, the essence of which is the
personal labor of such person or persons and includes
the state, counties, cities, and all municipal corporations,
public corporations, political subdivisions of the state,
and charitable organizations: Provided, That any persons,
partnership, or business entity not having employees,
and who is covered by the Industrial Insurance Act must
be considered both an employer and an employee.
Exit
Provides a way of travel out of
the workplace.
Exit
route
A continuous and unobstructed
path of exit travel from any point within a workplace
to safety outside.
Explosive
A chemical
that causes a sudden, almost instant release of pressure,
gas, and heat when exposed to a sudden shock, pressure,
or high temperature.
Exposed
live parts
Electrical parts that are:
Exposed
wiring methods
Involve working with electrical
wires that are attached to surfaces or behind panels designed
to allow access to the wires.
Exposure
or exposed
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, and
Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) as Exposure Records, WAC 296-800-180.
An employee has been, or may have possibly been, subjected
to a hazardous chemical, toxic substance or harmful physical
agent while working. An employee could have been exposed
to hazardous chemicals,
toxic substances,
or harmful physical
agents in any of the following ways:
- Inhalation
- Ingestion
- Skin contact
- Absorption
- Related means.
The terms exposure
and exposed only cover workplace exposure involving a
toxic substance or harmful physical agent in the workplace
different from typical nonoccupational situations in the
way it is
- Used
- Handled
- Stored
- Generated
- Present.
Exposure
record
See definition for
employee exposure record.
Extension
ladder
A portable
ladder with 2 or more sections and is not self-supporting.
The 2 or more sections travel in guides or brackets that
let you change the length. The size of a portable ladder
is determined by adding together the length of each section.
Failure-to-abate
Any violation(s) resulting from
not complying with an abatement date.
Final
order
Any of the following (unless an
employer or other party files a timely appeal):
- Citation and Notice
- Corrective
Notice
- Decision and Order from the Board
of Industrial Insurance Appeals
- Denial of Petition for review from
the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals
OR
- Decision from a Washington State
Superior Court, Court of Appeals, or the State Supreme
Court.
Final
order date
The date a
final order is issued.
First
aid
The extent of treatment you would
expect from a person
trained in basic first aid, using supplies from a first-aid
kit.
Tests, such as X-rays, must not
be confused with treatment.
Flammable
A chemical
covered by one of the following categories:
-
Aerosol flammable means an aerosol
that, when tested by the method described in 16
CFR 1500.45 yields either a flame projection
more than 18 inches at full valve opening or a flashback
(a flame extending back to the valve) at any degree
of valve opening.
-
Gas, flammable means:
- - A gas that, at temperature and
pressure of the surrounding area, forms a flammable
mixture with air at a concentration of 13% by volume
or less.
OR
- - A gas that, at temperature and
pressure of the surrounding area, forms a range of
flammable mixtures with air wider than 12% by volume,
regardless of the lower limit.
-
Liquid, flammable means any
liquid having a flashpoint
below 100°F (37.8°C), except any mixture having components
with flashpoints of 100°F (37.8°C) or higher, the total
of which make up 99% or more of the total volume of
the mixture.
-
Solid, flammable means a solid,
other than a blasting agent or
explosive as defined in 29 CFR 1910.109(a),
that is likely to cause fire through friction, moisture
absorption, spontaneous chemical change, or retained
heat from manufacturing or processing, or which can
be ignited readily. Solid, inflammable also means that
when the substance is ignited, it burns so powerfully
and persistently that it creates a serious hazard.
A chemical must be considered to be a flammable solid
if, when tested by the method described in 16 CFR 1500.44,
it ignites and burns with a self-sustained flame at
a rate greater than one-tenth of an inch per second
along its major axis.
Flashpoint
- Tagliabue closed tester: (See American
National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Tag
Closed Tester, Z11.24-1979 (ASTM D 56-79)) for liquids
with a viscosity of less than 45 Saybolt Universal Seconds
(SUS) at 100°F (37.8°C), that do not contain suspended
solids and do not have a tendency to form a surface
film under test.
OR
- Pensky-Martens closed tester: (See
American National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint
by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester, Z11.7-1979 (ASTM D
93-79)) for liquids with a viscosity equal to or greater
than 45 SUS at 100°F (37.8°C), or that contain suspended
solids, or that have a tendency to form a surface film
under test; or
- Setaflash closed tester. (See American
National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Setaflash
Closed Tester (ASTM D 3278-78)).
| 
|
Note:
Organic peroxides, which undergo auto
accelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded
from any of the flashpoint measurement methods specified
above. |
Flexible
cords and cables
Typically used to connect electrical
equipment to an outlet or receptacle.
These cords can have an
attachment plug to connect to a power source
or can be permanently wired into the power source. Flexible
cords, extension cords, cables and electrical cords are
all examples of flexible cord.
Floor
hole
An opening in any floor, platform,
pavement, or yard that measures at least one inch but
less than 12 inches at its smallest dimension and through
which materials and tools (but not people) can fall.
Examples of floor holes are:
-
Belt holes
-
Pipe openings
-
Slot openings.
Floor
opening
An opening in any floor, platform,
pavement, or yard that measures at least 12 inches in
its smallest dimension and through which a
person can fall.
Examples of floor openings are:
- Hatchways
- Stair or
ladder openings
- Pits
- Large manholes
The following are NOT considered
floor openings:
- Openings occupied by elevators
- Dumbwaiters
- Conveyors
- Machinery
- Containers.
Foreseeable
emergency
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170 means
any potential event that could result in an uncontrolled
release of a hazardous
chemical into the workplace. Examples of foreseeable
emergencies include equipment failure, rupture of containers,
or failure of control equipment.
Fume
Solid particles suspended in air
that are created by condensation from the gaseous state.
Gas
A normally
formless fluid, such as air, which can be changed to the
liquid or solid state by the effect of increased pressure
or decreased temperature or both.
Ground
As used in Electrical,
WAC 296-800-280, a connection between an electrical
circuit or equipment and the earth or other conducting
body besides the earth. This connection can be intentional
or accidental.
Grounded
A connection has been made between
an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or another
conducting body besides the earth.
Grounded
conductor
A system or circuit
conductor that is intentionally grounded.
Ground-fault
circuit-interrupter
A device whose function is to
interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault
current to ground exceeds
some predetermined value that is less than that required
to operate the overcurrent protective device of the supply
circuit.
Grounding
conductor
Is used to connect equipment or
the grounded circuit
of a wiring system to a grounding electrode or electrodes.
Grounding
conductor, equipment
A conductor
used to connect noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment,
raceways, and other enclosures to the system
grounded conductor and/or the grounding electrode
conductor at the service equipment or at the source of
a separately derived system.
Guarded
Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed,
or otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings,
barriers, rails, screens, mats, or
platforms to remove the likelihood of being
accidentally touched or approached closer than a safe
distance.
Hand-held
drench hoses
Hand-held drench hoses are single-headed
emergency washing devices connected to a flexible hose
that can be used to irrigate and flush the face or other
body parts.
Handrail
A single bar or pipe supported
on brackets from a wall or partition to provide a continuous
handhold for persons
using a stair.
Harmful
physical agent
Any physical stress such as noise,
vibration, repetitive motion, heat, cold, ionizing and
nonionizing radiation, and hypo- or hyperbaric pressure
which:
- Is listed in the latest edition of
the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances
(RTECS)
OR
OR
- Is the subject of a material safety
data sheet kept by or known to the employer showing
that the material may pose a hazard to human health.
Hazard
Any condition, potential or inherent,
which can cause injury, death, or occupational disease.
Hazard
warning
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170 means
can be a combination of words, pictures, symbols, or combination
appearing on a label or other appropriate form of warning
which shows the specific
physical and
health hazard(s), including target organ effects,
of the chemical(s)
in the container(s).
Hazardous
chemical
Any chemical
that is a physical
or health hazard.
Health
hazard
A chemical,
mixture, biological agent, or physical agent that may
cause health effects in short- or long-term exposed employees.
Based on statistically significant evidence from at least
one study conducted using established scientific principles.
Health hazards include:
- Carcinogens
- Toxic or highly toxic agents
- Reproductive toxins
- Irritants
- Corrosives
- Sensitizers
- Hepatotoxins (liver toxins)
- Nephrotoxins (kidney toxins)
- Neurotoxins (nervous system toxins)
- Substances that act on the hematopoietic
system (blood or blood-forming system)
- Substances that can damage the lungs,
skin, eyes, or mucous membranes
- Hot or cold conditions
Hospitalization
To be admitted to, a hospital or an equivalent medical facility on an emergent in-patient basis requiring an overnight stay.
Identity
As used in
Employer Chemical Hazard Communications, WAC 296-800-170
any chemical or
common name listed
on the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for the specific
chemical. Each identity
used must allow cross-references among the:
- Required list of hazardous chemicals
- Chemical label
- MSDSs.
Imminent
danger violation
Any violation(s) resulting from
conditions or practices in any place of employment, which
are such that a danger exists which could reasonably be
expected to cause death or serious physical harm, immediately
or before such danger can be eliminated through the enforcement
procedures otherwise provided by the Washington Industrial
Safety and Health Act.
Importer
The first business within the
Customs Territory of the USA that:
AND
Insulated
A conductor
has been completely covered by a material that is recognized
as electrical insulation and is thick enough based on
AND
- The type of covering material.
Interim
waiver
An order granted by the
department allowing an employer to vary from
WISHA requirements until the Department decides to grant
a permanent or temporary waiver.
Irritant
A substance that will induce a
local inflammatory reaction upon immediate, prolonged,
or repeated contact with normal living tissue.
Ladder
Consists of 2 side rails joined
at regular intervals by crosspieces called steps, rungs,
or cleats. These steps are used to climb up or down.
Listed
Equipment is listed if it:
AND
Material
safety data sheet (MSDS)
Written, printed, or electronic
information (on paper, microfiche, or on-screen) that
informs manufacturers, distributors, employers or employees
about a hazardous chemical, its hazards, and protective
measures as required by material safety data sheet and
label preparation, Chapter 296-839 WAC.
Medical
treatment
Treatment provided by a physician
or by registered professional personnel under the standing
orders of a physician. Medical treatment does not include
first-aid treatment even if provided by a physician or
registered professional personnel.
Mist
Liquid droplets suspended in air.
Mist is created by:
- Condensation from the gaseous to the liquid state;
OR
- Converting a liquid into a dispersed state with actions
such as splashing, foaming, spraying or atmoizing.
Mixture
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, any
combination of 2 or more chemicals
(if that combination did not result from a chemical reaction).
Movable
equipment
As used in WAC
296-800-35052, a hand-held or nonhand-held machine
or device
- That is powered or nonpowered
AND
- Can be moved within or between worksites.
Must
Must means mandatory.
NEMA
These initials stand for National
Electrical Manufacturing Association.
NFPA
This is an acronym for National
Fire Protection Association.
Nose
The portion of the stair
tread that projects over the face of the
riser below it.
Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Created in 1970 when the U.S.
Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act,
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
provides safety on the job for workers. OSHA oversees
state plans (such as WISHA in Washington) that have elected
to administer the safety and health program for their
state. OSHA requires WISHA rules to be at least as effective
as OSHA rules.
Office
work environment
An indoor or enclosed occupied
space where clerical work, administration, or business
is carried out.
In addition, it includes:
-
Other workplace spaces controlled
by the employer and used by office workers, such as
cafeterias, meeting rooms, and washrooms.
-
Office areas of manufacturing and
production facilities, not including process areas.
- Office areas of businesses such as
food and beverage establishments, agricultural operations,
construction, commercial trade, services, etc.
Open
riser
A stair step with an air space
between treads has an
open riser.
Organic
peroxide
This is an organic compound containing
the bivalent-0-0-structure. It may be considered a structural
derivative of hydrogen peroxide if one or both of the
hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an organic radical.
Outlet
See
definition for electrical outlets.
Oxidizer
A chemical
other than a blasting agent or
explosive as defined in WAC
296-52-61030 or CFR
1910.109(a), that starts or promotes combustion in other
materials, causing fire either of itself or through the
release of oxygen or other gases.
Permissible
exposure limits (PELs)
Permissible exposure limits (PELs)
are employee exposures to toxic substances or harmful
physical agents that must not be exceeded. PELs are specified
in applicable WISHA rules.
Person
Based on chapter 49.17
RCW, one or more individuals, partnerships, associations,
corporations, business trusts, legal representatives,
or any organized group of persons.
Personal
eyewash units
Personal eyewash units are portable,
supplementary units that support plumbed units or self-contained
units, or both, by delivering immediate flushing for less
than fifteen minutes.
Personal
service room
Used for activities not directly
connected with a business' production or service function
such as:
-
First-aid
- Medical services
- Dressing
- Showering
- Bathrooms
- Washing
- Eating.
Personnel
See the definition
for Employees.
Physical
hazard
As used in
Employer Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170
means a chemical that
has scientifically valid evidence to show it is one of
the following:
Platform
Platform means an extended step
or landing that breaks a continuous run of stairs.
Plug
See
definition for attachment plug.
Potable
water
Water that you can safely drink.
It meets specific safety standards prescribed by the United
States Environmental Protection Agency's National Interim
Primary Drinking Water Regulations, published in 40
CFR Part 141, and 40 CFR 147.2400.
Predictable
and regular basis
Employee functions such as, but
not limited to, inspection, service, repair and maintenance
which are performed:
- At least once every 2 weeks
OR
Produce
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, any
one of the following:
- Manufacture
- Process
- Formulate
- Blend
- Extract
- Generate
- Emit
- Repackage.
Purchaser
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, an
employer who buys one or more
hazardous chemicals to use in their workplace.
Pyrophoric
A chemical
is pyrophoric if it will ignite spontaneously in
the air when the temperature is 130°F
(54.4°C) or below.
Qualified Person
A person
who has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve
problems relating to the subject matter, work, or project,
either by:
- Possession of a recognized degree,
certificate, or professional standing;
OR
Railing
or standard railing
A vertical barrier erected along
exposed edges of a floor
opening, wall opening, ramp, platform,
or runway to prevent falls of persons.
Reassume
jurisdiction
The
department has decided to take back its control
over a citation and notice being appealed.
Receptacle
or receptacle outlet
As used in Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280 means outlets that
accept a plug to supply
electric power to equipment through a cord or cable.
Record
A record is any item, collection,
or grouping of information. Examples include:
-
Paper document
-
Microfiche
-
Microfilm
-
X-ray film
-
Computer record.
Repeat
violation
A violation is a repeat violation
if the employer has been cited one or more times previously
for a substantially similar hazard.
Refuge
area
- A protected space along an exit route that is separated
from other spaces inside the building by a barrier with
at least a one-hour fire resistant rating;
or
- A floor in a building with an automatic
sprinkler system that has at least two spaces that are
separated by smoke-resistant partitions. See WAC
296-24-607 for requirements for automatic sprinkler
systems.
Responsible
party
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170. Someone
who can provide appropriate information about the
hazardous chemical and emergency procedures.
Rise
The vertical distance from the
top of a tread to the
top of the next higher tread.
Riser
The vertical part of the step
at the back of a tread
that rises to the front
of the tread above.
Rungs
Rungs are the cross pieces on
ladders that are used
to climb up and down the ladder.
Runway
An elevated walkway above the
surrounding floor or ground level. Examples of runways
are footwalks along shafting or walkways between buildings.
Safety factor
The term safety factor means the
ratio of when something will break versus the actual working
stress or safe load when it is used.
Serious
violation
Serious violation must be deemed
to exist in a workplace if there is a substantial probability
that death or serious physical harm could result from
a condition which exists, or from one or more practices,
means, methods, operations, or processes which have been
adopted or are in use in such workplace, unless the employer
did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable
diligence, know of the presence of the violation.
Self-lighting
or self-luminous
A lighting source that:
- Is illuminated by a self-contained power
source other than batteries;
AND
- Operates independently from external
power sources.
Short-term
exposure limit (STEL)
An exposure limit, averaged over
a short time period (usually measured for 15 minutes)
that must not be exceeded during any part of an employee's
workday.
Should
Should means recommended.
Single
ladder
A type of portable ladder
with one section.
It is distinguished by all of
the following:
Smoking
A person
is smoking if they are:
Specific
chemical identity
This term applies to
chemical substances. It can mean the:
Stair
Railing
A vertical barrier attached to
a stairway
with an open side to prevent falls. The top surface of
the stair railing is used as a
handrail
Stairs
or stairway
A series of steps and landings:
-
Leading from one level or floor to
another.
-
Leading to platforms,
pits, boiler rooms, crossovers, or around machinery,
tanks, and other equipment.
-
Used more or less continuously or
routinely by employees, or only occasionally by specific
individuals.
-
With three or more risers.
Standard
safeguard
Safety devices that prevent
hazards by their attachment to:
-
Machinery
-
Appliances
-
Tools
-
Buildings
-
Equipment.
These safeguards must be constructed
of:
The
Department makes the final determination about
whether a safeguard is sufficient for its use.
Step
ladder
A portable
ladder with:
Time weighted
average (TWA8)
An exposure limit, averaged over
8 hours, that must not be exceeded during an employee's
work shift.
Toeboard
A barrier at floor level along
exposed edges of a floor opening, wall opening, platform,
runway, or ramp, to prevent
falls of materials.
Toxic
chemicals
As used in first aid, WAC
296-800-150, is a chemical that produces serious injury
or illness when absorbed through any body surface.
Toxic
substance
Any chemical substance or biological
agent, such as bacteria, virus, and fungus, which is any
of the following:
-
Listed in the latest edition of the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances
(RTECS)
-
Shows positive evidence of an acute
or chrnoic health hazard in testing conducted by,
or known to, the employer
- The subject of a material safety data sheet kept
by or known to the employer showing the material may
pose a hazard to human
health.
Toxicant
A substance that has the inherent
capacity to produce personal injury or illness to individuals
by absorption through any body surface.
Trade
secret
Any confidential
The trade secret is used in an
employer's business and gives an opportunity to gain an
advantage over competitors who do not know or use it.
See WAC
296-62-053 for requirements dealing with trade secrets.
Tread
As used in Stairs
and Stair Railings, WAC 296-800-250 means the horizontal
part of the stair step.
Tread
run
As used in Stairs
and Stair Railings, WAC 296-800-250 means the distance
from the front of one stair tread
to the front of an adjacent tread.
Tread
width
The distance from front to rear
of the same tread including
the nose, if used.
UL (Underwriters' Laboratories,
Inc.)
You will find these initials on
electrical cords and equipment. The initials mean the
cord or equipment meets the standards set by the Underwriters'
Laboratories, Inc.
Unstable
(reactive)
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170. An
unstable or reactive chemical
is one that in its pure state, or as produced or transported,
will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or will
become self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure
or temperature.
Use
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, means
to:
-
Package
-
Handle
-
React
-
Emit
-
Extract
-
Generate as a by-product
-
Transfer.
Vapor
The gaseous form of a substance
that is normally in the solid or liquid state.
Voltage
of a circuit
The greatest effective potential
difference between any two conductors or between a
conductor and ground.
Voltage
to ground
The voltage between a
conductor and the point or conductor of the
grounded circuit.
For undergrounded circuits, it is the greatest voltage
between the conductor and any other conductor of the circuit.
Voltage,
nominal
Nominal voltage is a value assigned
to a circuit or system to designate its voltage class
(120/240, 480Y/277, 600, etc.). The actual circuit voltage
can vary from the value if it is within a range that permits
the equipment to continue operating in a satisfactory
manner.
WAC
This is an acronym for Washington
Administrative Code, which are rules developed to
address state law.
Water-reactive
As used in Employer
Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC 296-800-170, a
water-reactive chemical
reacts with water to release a gas that is either
flammable or presents a
health hazard.
Watertight
Constructed so that moisture will
not enter the enclosure or container.
Weatherproof
Constructed or protected so that
exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful
operation. Rainproof, raintight, or
watertight equipment can fulfill the requirements
for weatherproof where varying weather conditions other
than wetness, such as snow, ice, dust, or temperature
extremes, are not a factor.
Wet
location
As used in Basic
Electrical Rules, WAC 296-800-280 means:
-
Underground installations or in concrete
slabs or masonry that are in direct contact with the
earth
-
Locations that can be saturated by
water or other liquids.
-
Unprotected locations exposed to
the weather (like vehicle washing areas).
WISHA
This is an acronym for the Washington
Industrial Safety and Health Act.
Work
area
As used in employer chemical hazard
communication, WAC
296-800-170, a room or defined space in a workplace
where hazardous chemicals are produced or used, and where
employees are present.
Workdays
Means a calendar day, except Saturdays,
Sundays, and legal holidays. Legal holidays include:
-
New Year's Day - January 1
-
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
-
Presidents' Day
-
Memorial Day
-
Independence Day - July 4
-
Labor Day
-
Veterans' Day - November 11
-
Thanksgiving Day
-
The day after Thanksgiving Day; and
-
Christmas Day - December 25
The number of working days must
be calculated by not counting the first working day and
counting the last working day.
Worker
See the definition
for employee.
Workplace
The term workplace means:
- Any plant, yard, premises, room, or
other place where an employee or employees are employed
for the performance of labor or service over which the
employer has the right of access or control, and includes,
but is not limited to, all workplaces covered by industrial
insurance under
Title 51 RCW, as now or hereafter amended.
- As
used in Employer Chemical Hazard Communication, WAC
296-800-180, means an establishment, job site, or
project, at one geographical location containing one
or more work areas.
You
See definition
of employer.
Your
representative
Your representative is the
person selected to act in your behalf.
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