Safety Standards for Logging Operations, Chapter 296-54, WAC
For printingLast Updated 02/17/2009
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WAC
ADMINISTRATIVE
296-54-501 Scope and application
296-54-503 Variance
296-54-505 Definitions
296-54-507 Employer's responsibilities
296-54-509 Employee's responsibility
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
296-54-511 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
296-54-51110 Head protection
296-54-51120 Eye and face protection
296-54-51130 Hearing protection
296-54-51140 Hand protection
296-54-51150 Respiratory protection
296-54-51160 Leg protection
296-54-51170 Foot protection
296-54-51190 Highly visible clothing
SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS/FIRST-AID/LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
296-54-513 Arrangement of work areas and emergency contact
296-54-515 Accident prevention program
296-54-51510 Safety and health meetings
296-54-51520 First-aid training
296-54-51530 First-aid kits
296-54-517 Lockout/tagout procedures
296-54-519 Miscellaneous requirements
VEHICLES, POWER LINES AND ROADS
296-54-521 Motor vehicles
296-54-523 Inspection and repair of equipment and vehicles
296-54-527 Seat belts
296-54-529 Overhead electrical lines clearance
296-54-531 Truck roads
296-54-533 Road pioneering and earthwork
POWERED TOOLS AND CHAIN SAWS
296-54-535 Hand and portable powered tools
296-54-537 Chain saws
FALLING AND BUCKING
296-54-539 Falling and bucking - General
296-54-53910 Falling and bucking - Falling
296-54-53920 Falling and bucking - Bucking
296-54-53930 Falling and bucking - Danger trees
296-54-53940 Falling and bucking - Springboards and tree jacking
TREE PULLING. MECHANIZED FALLING, CLIMBING EQUIPMENT
296-54-541 Tree pulling
296-54-543 Mechanized falling
296-54-545 Climbing equipment and passline
RIGGING
296-54-547 Rigging - General
296-54-54710 Rigging - Inspection
296-54-54720 Rigging - Molles
296-54-54730 Rigging - Shackles
296-54-54740 Rigging - Straps
296-54-54750 Rigging - Blocks
296-54-54760 Rigging - Hanging blocks
296-54-54770 Chokers and butt rigging
SPARS
296-54-549 Selecting spar, tail and intermediate support trees
296-54-551 Raising and lowering portable spars or towers
296-54-553 Metal spars
296-54-555 Metal spar guyline safety straps
WIRE ROPE
296-54-557 Wire rope
296-54-55710 Wire rope - Cutting
296-54-55720 Wire rope - Splicing
296-54-55730 Wire rope - Attaching and fastenings
GUYLINES, TAIL/LIFT TREES AND ANCHORS
296-54-561 Guylines
296-54-563 Guying tail/lift trees
296-54-565 Intermediate support trees
296-54-567 Rigging skylines
296-54-569 Anchoring
296-54-571 Releasing spiked guylines and spiked skylines from anchors
LOGGING MACHINES
296-54-573 Logging machines - General
296-54-57310 Logging machines - Chipping in woods location
296-54-57315 Logging machines - Exhaust pipes
296-54-57320 Logging machines - Glass
296-54-57325 Logging machines - Brakes
296-54-57330 Logging machines - Outriggers
296-54-57335 Logging machines - Hydraulics
296-54-57340 Logging machines - A-frames
296-54-57345 Logging machines - Moving
296-54-57350 Logging machines - Tractors and skidders
296-54-57355 Logging machines - Protective structures for operators
YARDING, SKIDDING AND LANDING
296-54-575 Landing area
296-54-577 Yarding, skidding, landing
296-54-579 Log decks
HELICOPTER LOGGING
296-54-581 Helicopter logging - General
296-54-58110 Helicopter logging - Landing
296-54-58120 Helicopter logging - Yarding
296-54-58130 Helicopter logging - Fueling area
LOADING LOGS AND SELF-LOADERS
296-54-583 Loading logs
296-54-584 Tongs, hooks, grapples
296-54-585 Cross-haul systems
296-54-587 Self-loading log trucks
TRANSPORTATION OF LOGS AND STATIONARY TRAILER LOADERS
296-54-589 Log trucks - General
296-54-58910 Log trucks - Brakes
296-54-58920 Log trucks - Trailer hitches and safety chains
296-54-58930 Log trucks - Reaches and bunks
296-54-58940 Log trucks - Stakes, stake extensions and chock blocks
296-54-58950 Log trucks - Wrappers and binders
296-54-58960 Log trucks - Miscellaneous requirements
296-54-58970 Log trucks - Steered trailers
296-54-591 Stationary log truck trailer loading
LOG UNLOADING, BOOMS, AND RAFTING GROUNDS
296-54-593 Log unloading, booms, and rafting grounds -Storage and sorting areas - General
296-54-59310 Log unloading, booms, and rafting grounds - Water dumps
296-54-59320 Log unloading, booms, and rafting grounds - Boom and rafting grounds
296-54-59330 Log unloading, booms, and rafting grounds - Boats and mechanical devices on waters
296-54-59340 Log unloading, booms, and rafting grounds - Dry land sorting and storage
TRANSPORTING CREWS
296-54-595 Transporting crews
296-54-59510 Speeders used to transport crews
296-54-59520 Trailers used to transport crews
RAILROADS
296-54-597 Railroads
296-54-59710 Railroad construction and maintenance
296-54-59720 Railroad operations
296-54-59730 Railroad maintenance - Loading or unloading
SIGNALING
296-54-601 Signals and signal systems
296-54-603 Electric signal systems
296-54-604 Radio signaling permits
296-54-605 Radio systems used for voice communication, activation of audible signals, or controls of equipment
296-54-607 Radio signal systems - Specifications and test procedures
WOOD SPAR TREES
296-54-701 Wood spar trees
296-54-70110 Wood spar trees - Guylines
296-54-70120 Wood spar trees - Passlines
296-54-70130 Wood spar trees - Straps
MAINTENANCE SHOPS AND LABOR CAMPS
296-54-705 Truck and equipment maintenance shops
296-54-707 Labor camps
APPENDICES
296-54-99002 Appendix 1 - Signals
296-54-99003 Appendix 2 - Sample minimum lockout/tagout procedure
296-54-99004 Appendix 3 - Industry consensus standards
296-54-99013 Appendix 4 - Various types of cable logging systems
296-54-99014 Appendix 5 - Wooden tree yarding and loading systems
TITLES OF FIGURES AND TABLES
296-54-505 Figure of “Twister”
296-54-539 Figure 1: Distance Between Work Area
296-54-53910 Figure 2: Undercuts
296-54-54730 Figure 2-2: Shackles
296-54-54740 Table 1: Strap/Choker Size in Inches
296-54-557 Figure: Wire Rope
296-54-55720 Table 2: Length of Line Strand
296-54-55730 Table 3: U-bolt Cable Clips to Form Eyes
Figure 3: Eyes Formed with U-bolt Cable Clips
296-54-561 Table 4: Guyline Positioning
Figure 4: 1 Guyline Case
Figure 5: 2 Guyline Case
Figure 6: 3 Guyline Case
Figure 7: 3 Guyline Case (2)
Figure 8: 4 Guyline Case
Figure 9: 5 Guyline Case
Figure 10: 5 Guyline Case (2)
Figure 11: 6 Guyline Case
Figure 12: 6 Guyline Case (2)
Figure 13: 7 Guyline Case
Figure 14: 8 Guyline Case
Figure 15: 8 Guyline Case (2)
Figure 16: Positioning Guylines in Back of Tree
Figure 17: Positioning Guylines in Front of Tree
Figure 18: Maximum Angle for Load Bearing Guylines and Skyline
Figure 19: 4 Guyline Case - Tail/Lift Tree Guying
Figure 20: 2 Guyline Case - Tail/Lift Tree Guying
296-54-565 Figure 21: Critical Measurements of the Double Tree Intermediate Support System
Figure 22: Double Tree Intermediate Support System
296-54-567 Figure 23: Skyline Positioning Limits Tail/Lift Tree
Figure 24: Rigging Illustrations
Figure 25: One Log Load
Figure 26: Two Log Load
Figure 27: Three or Four Log Load 44 feet or less
Figure 28: Three or Four Log Loads more than 44 feet
Figure 29: Five or Six Log Load All Logs 17 feet or less
Figure 30: Seven or More Log Load All Logs 17 feet or less
Figure 31: Five or More Log Load if any Logs are more than 17 feet
Figure 32: Proper Support for Logs
Figure 33: Outside Logs or Top Logs
Figure 34: A wrapper must be near each bunk
Figure 35: Short Logs Loaded Crosswise
296-54-605 Figure 36: Areas for Use of Radio Signaling Systems for Logging Operations
Figure 37: Application for Permit to Operate Radio Signal System in Designated Area
Figure 38: Radio Permit
296-54-99002 Figure 39: Standard Hand Signals
Figure 40: Standard Hand Signals
Figure 41: Standard Hand Signals
Figure 42: Standard Hand Signals for Loading Logs
296-54-99013 Figure 43: Shovel Load Jammer
Figure 44: Mobile Shovel Yarder
Figure 45: Highlead
Figure 46: Live Skyline - Shotgun or Flyer System
Figure 47: Slack Line System
Figure 48: Skidder System
Figure 49: North Bend System
Figure 50: South Bend System
Figure 51: Standing Skyline - Radio Controlled Carriage - Mobile Tower
Figure 52: Side Mount Tower with Mechanical Slack Pulling Carriage
Figure 53: Partial Cutting with Running Skyline
Figure 54: Running Skyline with Chokers (Grabinski)
Figure 55: Running Skyline with Mechanical Grapple
Figure 56: Multi-span Skyline
Figure 57: Balloon Logging - Inverted Skyline Configuration
Figure 58: Balloon Logging - Haulback Configuration
296-54-99014 Figure 59: High Lead Yarding System
Figure 60: North Bend Yarding System
Figure 61: Slack Skyline Yarding System
Figure 62: Heel Boom Loading
Figure 63: Guy Line Loading
Figure 64: Hayrack Boom Loading
Figure 65: Spreader Bar Loading
