WAC 296-54-553 Metal spars.

(1) Each portable metal spar must have an identification plate permanently attached to its base or on the yarder in a position that can be easily read by a person standing on the ground or on the base platform.

Exception: A hydraulic loader with yarding drums is not required to have an identification plate if the drums are installed and used according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

(2) The identification plate must have the following information:

(a) Name and address of manufacturer;

(b) Model number; and

(c) The maximum and minimum angle at which the metal spar is designed to operate.

(3) The identification plate on metal spars manufactured after July 1, 1980, must also have the following information:

(a) The maximum breaking strength and/or size of the mainline for which the spar is designed;

(b) The maximum breaking strength and/or size of the haulback line for which the spar is designed;

(c) The number, breaking strength, and size of guylines or any other lines required; and

(d) For a spar designed for a skyline, slackline, or modified slackline system, the maximum breaking strength and size of the skyline, mainline, and haulback line that can be used.

(4) All portable metal spars must be operated within the manufacturer's capacity:

(a) As specified on the identification plate; or

(b) As modified by the manufacturer; or

(c) As designed and specified by a registered engineer; or

(d) A tension limiting device must be installed on the yarder. The device must be:

(i) Designed to automatically slack the skyline or mainline to within the manufacturer's line strength specifications;

(ii) Tamper proof;

(iii) Inspected; and

(iv) Maintained in good operating condition; or

(e) A line fuse installed in the skyline or mainline. Line fused systems must have a design breaking strength equal to or less than the maximum line rating of the spar as listed on its identification plate.

Note: Item (d) and (e) list options to follow when using wire rope which exceeds the manufacturer's line strength specifications.

(5) Equipment used for yarding, which is specifically designed to be self-stabilizing during operation, may be used without guyline(s) provided the equipment is used with guylines when required by the manufacturer.

(6) Portable spars or towers and their parts must be inspected by a qualified person whenever;

(a) The portable spar or tower is lowered;

(b) Its safe condition is in doubt; or

(c) When damage from over-stress or any other source is noted or suspected. Before being used again, the part in question must be inspected by a suitable method and:

(i) Found safe;

(ii) Repaired by a qualified person; or

(iii) Replaced.

(7) Any structural modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of metal spars must be made under the direction of the manufacturer or a registered professional engineer. If such modifications or additions are made, the identification plate required in this section must reflect such changes.

(8) When moving metal spar logging machines, the spar must be lowered.

Exception: The spar may be raised when necessary for mobility if it is adequately supported to ensure the stability of the machine during movement.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-553, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .050, .060 96-22-013, § 296-54-553, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .150, and .240. 79-10-081 (Order 79-14), § 296-54-553, filed 9/21/79.]

WAC 296-54-555 Metal spar guyline safety straps.

(1) A metal spar guyline safety strap or equivalent device must be installed at the bight of the guylines to prevent guylines from falling vertically more than five feet in case of structural or mechanical failure of the guyline attachment.

(2) The safety strap or equivalent devices must be equal to the strength of one guyline being used.

(3) Using cable clips or clamps to join the ends of portable spar or tower guyline safety straps is prohibited, unless used to secure the end of a farmer's eye.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-555, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .050, .060 96-22-013, § 296-54-555, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .050, and .240, chapters 43.22 and 42.30 RCW. 80-11-057 (Order 80-15), § 296-54-555, filed 8/20/80. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .150, and .240. 79-10-081 (Order 79-14), § 296-54-555, filed 9/21/79.]

WAC 296-54-557 Wire rope.

(1) Wire rope must be of the same or better grade as originally recommended by the equipment manufacturer.

(2) Wire rope must be removed from service when any of the following conditions exist:

(a) In running ropes, six randomly distributed broken wires in one lay or three broken wires in one strand in one lay;

(b) Wear of one-third the original diameter of outside individual wires. Kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure;

(c) Evidence of any heat damage from any cause;

(d) Reductions from nominal diameter of more than 3/64-inch for diameters to and including 3/4-inch, 1/16-inch for diameters 7/8-inch to 1-1/8-inch, inclusive, 3/32-inch for diameters 1-1/4-inches to 1-1/2-inches inclusive;

(e) In standing ropes, more than two broken wires in one lay in sections beyond end connections or more than one broken wire at an end connection;

(f) In standing ropes, when twelve and one-half percent of the wires are broken within a distance of one wrap (lay); and

(g) Corroded, damaged, or improperly applied end connections.

(3) Wire rope must be kept lubricated as conditions of use require.

Exception: This section does not apply to chokers

WIRE ROPE

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-557, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .050, .060 96-22-013, § 296-54-557, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .050, and .240, chapters 43.22 and 42.30 RCW. 80-11-057 (Order 80-15), § 296-54-557, filed 8/20/80. Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.040, .150, and .240. 79-10-081 (Order 79-14), § 296-54-557, filed 9/21/79.]

WAC 296-54-55710 Wire rope--Cutting.

(1) Hard hammers must not be used for cutting cable with a wire ax or when splicing.

(2) Employees must wear eye protection when cutting lines.

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-55710, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99.]

WAC 296-54-55720 Wire rope--Splicing.

(1) Marlin spikes must be used for splicing. The marlin spikes must be:

(a) Large enough for the size of the line being spliced; and

(b) Maintained in good condition;

(2) Short splices, eye-to-eye splices, cat's paws, and knots are prohibited except for moving nonload-bearing lines. Knots may be used on single drum tractors, grapple pickup lines, and dropline carriage systems using slider bells if the knot is tied on the end of the dropline.

(3) Wire rope one-half inch in diameter or less must be tucked at least two times provided the rope is used only as a strawline.

(4) Eye splices in all regular lay lines and straps must be tucked at least three times.

(5) Eye splices in lang lay lines must be tucked at least four times.

(6) Splices, other than eye splices, in lang lay loading lines are prohibited.

(7) Long splices must be used to permanently join regular lay running line.

(8) The length of line strand to be unraveled to make a long splice in wire rope must be as shown in Table 2: Length of Line Strand. The full length of the splice is twice the length of the rope to be unraveled.

Table 2: Length of Line Strand

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-55720, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99.]

WAC 296-54-55730 Wire rope--Attaching end fastenings.

(1) The manufacturer's recommendations must be followed when attaching sockets and other end fastenings.

(2) Using cable clips or clamps for joining lines is prohibited, except to transfer slack lines from one place to another.

(3) When U-bolt cable clips are used to form eyes, Table 3: U-bolt Cable Clips to Form Eyes must be used to determine the number and spacing of clips.

Table 3: U-bolt Cable Clips to Form Eyes

(4) When U-bolt cable clips are used:

(a) For eye splices, the U-bolt wire rope clip must be attached so that the U section is in contact with the dead or short end of the rope (see Figure 3: Eyes Formed with U-bolt Cable Clips);

(b) U-bolt cable clips must be spaced at least six rope diameters apart to obtain the maximum holding power. Nuts must be tightened evenly and tightened again after application of the first sustained load. After the rope has been used and is under tension, the clips must be tightened again to take up any looseness caused by the tension reducing the rope diameter;

(c) With high strength wire rope, one more U-bolt cable clip must be added for each grade above improved plow steel; and

(d) Eyes formed with U-bolt cable clips are prohibited with running lines or straps.

Figure 3: Eyes Formed with U-bolt Cable Clips

[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050 99-17-117, (Order 97-09), § 296-54-55730, filed 08/18/99, effective 12/01/99.]

WAC 296-54-561 Guylines.

(1) Guylines must be used with any logging equipment when required by the equipment manufacturer.

(2) At least the minimum number and angle of guylines recommended by the equipment manufacturer must be used.

(3) Unless otherwise specified by the equipment manufacturer, guylines must be of the following sizes:

(a) In highlead logging, the head spar guylines must be equal in breaking strength to the mainline.

(b) In skyline logging, if the skyline is one and three-eighths inch or greater, the head spar guylines must be at least one and three-eighths inch. If the skyline is less than one and three-eighths inch, the head spar guylines must be equal in breaking strength to the skyline.

(c) On all other cable logging machines, the guylines must have a breaking strength at least equal to the mainline/skyline, whichever is largest.

(d) Tail/lift and intermediate support trees must be adequately guyed to withstand any stress to which the tree may be subjected.

(4) When guylines are required for spars they must be positioned according to Table 4: Guyline Positioning, or according to the manufacturer's specifications.

Table 4: Guyline Positioning

* For metal spars designed to operate without snap guy

(5) (a) Guylines supporting metal spars must be made of plow steel or better material and must be maintained in good condition.

(b) Guylines for tail/lift and intermediate support trees may be made of synthetic material and must be used according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

(6) Load bearing guyline angles must be no greater than fifty degrees measured horizontally (See Figure 18: Maximum Angle for Load Bearing Guylines and Skyline). If suitable anchors are unavailable or the terrain is so steep that the guyline angle exceeds fifty degrees, an additional guyline must be rigged to oppose the load.

(7) Guylines must be kept securely tightened while the spar, tree, equipment or rigging they support is in use.

(8) Power driven devices must be securely anchored when used to tighten guylines. Holding such devices is prohibited.

(9) All trees that interfere with proper alignment, placement, or tightening of guylines must be fell.

(10) Guylines must be hung in a manner to prevent a excessive bight or fouling when they are tightened.

(11) The use of loops or molles for attaching guylines is prohibited.

(12) The U part of shackles or sleeves must be around the guyline and the pin passed through the eye of the guyline.

(13) Splicing of guylines is prohibited except to make an eye splice.

(14) All spliced guyline eyes must be tucked at least three times.

(15) Extensions to guylines must be:

(a) Equal in breaking strength to the guyline to which they are attached; and

(b) Connected only by a shackle connecting two spliced eyes, pressed eyes or by double-end hooks. Connections must have at least one and one-half times the strength of the guyline.

(16) When hanging a block or jack on a guyline, only sleeve-type safety pin shackles must be used. The shackle sleeve shall have not less than two and one-half times the line diameter bearing on the guyline.

Figure 4: 1 Guyline Case

Figure 5: 2 Guyline Case

Figure 6: 3 Guyline Case

Figure 7: 3 Guyline Case (2)

Figure 8: 4 Guyline Case

Figure 9: 5 Guyline Case

WAC 296-54 (Continued)